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Basically, biomass energy is the energy that results from rotting organic materials. It’s as simple as that. This energy ultimately from the sun, is stored in the various materials, whether it be organic waste from municipal garbage collection, or some form of plant waste from forestry or agriculture, all of these “waste” products can be used to produce a variety of things including power. The 2007 statistics showed that 53% of the USA’s energy came from this source. Just as wood has been used to heat and cook for thousands of years, and the animal waste from herbivores has been used for that same purpose, as well as for building materials, we are finding more and more ways to use this herbaceous material to produce fuel and power.
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A variety of perennial plants are being used as dedicated energy crops. They can be harvested yearly, take very few years to come into full fruition and are comprised of a large variety of fast growing grasses including elephant grass, bamboo and a huge variety of others. Bamboo image |
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Agricultural crops mainly from corn, soybeans, wheat and other vegetables yield fuel, plastics and chemicals while the stalks, leaves and husks from these crops are used commercially. In the case of corn alone, there are approximately 80 million acres planted annually in the US. Corn image |
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In addition to the biomass from agriculture, modern biomass users have all of the extraneous vegetation from logging sites in forestry, large of amounts of aquatic plants like kelp and seaweed, residues from lumbering like sawdust and municipal waste like paper, cardboard and yard clippings. Even animal waste can be used as our processing becomes better and more finely tuned. Kelp image |
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The ultimate recycling program will see every bit of our societal waste re-entering the stream as an alternate power source.
BiopowerBiopower, including direct combustion, co-firing, and anaerobic digestion, is the production of electricity or heat from biomass resources. Most electricity generated from biomass is produced by combustion by burning these resources, producing steam which drives a turbine that activates a generator that produces electricity. Co-firing, on the other hand, involves replacing a portion of the petroleum-based fuel in high-efficiency coal-fired boilers with biomass. The main advantage is that it reduces the sulfur dioxide emissions of coal-fired power plants. Finally, anaerobic digestion, or methane recovery is the kind of organic breakdown that goes on in our backyard composters and produces heat and with other technologies added, electricity. |
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UN calls for achieving sustainable energy for all as International Year kicks offGlobally, one person in five still lacks access to modern electricity and twice that number – three billion people – rely on wood, coal, charcoal, or animal waste for cooking and heating. “We are here to build a new energy future… a future that harnesses the power of technology and innovation in the service of people and the planet,” Mr. Ban said in remarks to the opening of the World Future Energy Summit, which is taking place in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. “Sustainable energy for all is within our reach,” he told the summit, which also serves as the global launch of 2012 as the International Year. Mr. Ban stressed that energy is central to everything, from powering economies to achieving the anti-poverty targets known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), from combating climate change to underpinning global security. “It is the golden thread that connects economic growth, increased social equity and preserving the environment.” And yet, he noted, widespread energy poverty still condemns billions to darkness, to ill-health, to missed opportunities for education and prosperity. “That is why I say, energy poverty must end… We need to turn on the lights for all households.” To do this, he cited the need to scale up successful examples of clean energy and energy-efficient technologies; innovation that can spread throughout the developing world; partnerships with the private sector; and visionary leadership. Mr. Ban stressed that energy poverty cannot be allowed to jeopardize progress towards the MDGs – targets aimed at slashing global poverty by 2015 by combating hunger, disease, illiteracy, environment degradation and discrimination against women. To generate action to reduce energy poverty, catalyze sustainable economic growth and mitigate the risks of climate change, the Secretary-General last year set up a high-level group. The group is tasked with promoting his Sustainable Energy for All initiative, which seeks to ensure universal access to modern energy services, double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency and double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix, all by 2030. “Our goal,” Mr. Ban later told reporters, “is to reduce poverty and provide opportunity to all, to drive global economic dynamism and to combat climate change. This is a triple win for tough times.” Also addressing the opening of the summit, General Assembly President Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser stressed that there is a more urgent need to ensure the sustainable use of energy today than at any time in the past, given that more than a billion people continue to live without access to electricity. “The provision of sufficient and low-cost energy is unquestionably an essential component of efforts to alleviate poverty, improve the well-being of mankind, raise living standards and achieve sustainable development,” he stated. “While international efforts to meet the challenges of development at the global level are continuing, it is increasingly being acknowledged that the provision of sufficient energy is having an increased impact on food security, health, education, transport, communications, water and sanitation. “Energy has, therefore, become an important constituent, if not an essential means, of achieving the Millennium Development Goals,” stated Mr. Al-Nasser. He added that by declaring 2012 as the International Year of Energy for All, the Assembly established a key platform from which to raise awareness in the international community of the importance of addressing energy issues, finding ways to develop the renewable energy sector, and promoting efficient energy and water use and waste management. “As part of the International Year, which officially begins today, it is incumbent upon Member States and international organizations to take initiatives that are designed to create an environment that will foster access to energy and energy-related services and the use of new and renewable energy technologies,” he stated. “They should also promote innovation and strengthen employment and investment opportunities in order to keep abreast of the growing need for sustainable energy.” Also today, the Secretary-General met separately with President Olafur Ragnar Grimsson of Iceland, Prime Minister Wen Jiabao of China and Prime Minister Kim Hwang-sik of the Republic of Korea, as well as Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, and Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Foreign Minister of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Assembly President also held a meeting with the Foreign Minister of UAE. |
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